Batter My Heart Three-Personed God free essay sample

This plea, however, is not a cry for God’s mercy, but instead is a request for a brutal and almost violent overtaking by the Holy Spirit. Donne is aware that he needs God’s deliverance from the clutches of Satan. This poem is an expression of a struggling sinner, a desperate cry seeking for salvation power by extreme measures. It is apparent that Donne is in the midst of a struggle with good and evil, and begins with a plea to God to enter his heart by any means necessary and rid him of the evil that has taken over. Donne uses bold imagery throughout the poem as a way of showing his utter desperation. He is a man completely aware of his need for God and is crying out for help. As we take a look closer at the first four lines of this poem, it seems that Donne may understand that in order to be made new, he feels that God needs to break him down completely; and in order to rise up, he needs God to knock him over. We will write a custom essay sample on Batter My Heart Three-Personed God or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Donne is most aware of his situation and wants God to not only be in his life, but he wants to be overthrown and shaped into whatever God wants him to be. He is ready to give his soul up to God to be completely and be thoroughly cleansed by God. Corinthians 7:1 states, â€Å"†¦dearly beloved, let us cleanse ourselves from all filthiness of the flesh and spirit†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The author is seeking such a cleansing from his Master, a cleansing from all of his transgressions and past sins. The author expressed a profound respect tinged with awe for God, the ability to express in such powerful words struck a chord within my heart. â€Å"Dearly, I love you†, and â€Å"Take me to you† are words that express such an intense longing to be near one’s savior. With a Godly fear and deep reverence, the author cries to be captivated, to be wrapped up in Love’s embrace. Knowing that he is simply a man, and is completely fallible, he writes this poem with a heart of humility. Donne is a man knowing that he cannot live without God’s saving power and humbly seeks it. As Proverbs 15:33 points out, â€Å"The fear of the Lord is the instruction of wisdom; and before honour is humility. † Though this poem is full of strong imagery with a bold imperative almost demanding that God come to his need, we still hear an undertone of humility as he knows he is not to be free lest God breathe, shine and seek to mend his heart. The author uses the remarkable simile, like an usurp town†, to describe his sinful condition of slavery to sin. It also describes how his conscience has been completely overwhelmed by Satan and hence cannot set him free. Humbly, he seeks salvation by asking the Triune God to batter the gates of the captive town (his heart), release him from the clutches of Satan, and save his soul. In this poem, we hear a desperate admonishing to God to completely smash him and then rebuild his life  anew all over again. The poem ends with Except you enthrall me, never shall be free, /  Nor ever chaste, except you ravish me. This is the narrators final plea for God to instill into him strength in his weakness and to completely take him over. It can also be seen as though the author wants God to send him a sign, to do something drastic, that will make known Gods presence known to him in a highly meaningful way. As a recap of the poem, we find a humbled man asking God to batter or beat him se verely. He continues to ask God to, â€Å"breathe, shine, and seek to mend † him. The definition of mend is to â€Å"repair†. It appears as if Donne wants God to beat him, and then repair him. This poem allows me to imagine something greater than human logic. That I may rise, and stand, oerthrow me, and bend Your force, to break, blow, burn, and make me new†. This metaphorically and allegorically allows me to imagine an abandoned house. In order to build a better house, one must tear down the old house and reconstruct a new one. So the author has come to the conclusion that the only way for him to be more holy is to allow God to destroy him completely and then build him up again. â€Å"Reason, Your viceroy in me, me should defend, but is captived, and proves weak or untrue†. Here, he is using viceroy as a metonymy for the Holy Spirit. He is saying, metaphorically, that he should defend the Spirit inside of him, yet he fails often and makes it look untrue. Although, despite all of his mistakes, he claims his love for God, â€Å"Yet dearly I love you, and would be loved fain † He finally finishes the poem with, â€Å"Take me to you, imprison me, for I, except you enthrall me, never shall be free, nor ever chaste, except you ravish me†. The definition for ravish is, â€Å"to seize and carry off by force; rape. Here, we find that not only will he allow God to imprison him, but rape him. This is a conceit, a metonymy, and even a paradox. He is subscribing an attribute of rape to God which is non-traditional of the Christian faith. Donne is seeking to metaphorically define Gods power over man. This is not literal rape, but simply spiritual. I find a great deal of beauty in this poem, because as Psalm 51:17 says, â€Å"the sacrifices of God are a broken spirit; a broken and a contrite heart, O God, You will not despise†. I believe that Donne has an allegoric meaning behind this poem; he believes that complete liberty, peace, and joy come through the awareness of one’s sinful nature, a reverence and total submission to God, and humility of heart.

Bovine tb essays

Bovine tb essays Every year thousands of animals all across the world are infected with a deadly disease which is known as Bovine Tuberculosis, or more Tuberculosis is a chronic disease that can affect any part of the body but is commonly found in the lungs. This disease dates back to the early 19th century when it was found in humans, mainly the scientists who had been working with the disease. Because of the work that these and other men did that dealt with the disease, a vaccine was developed in 1924 called BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) by two French bacteriologists named Albert Leon Not only do humans contract the disease but animals such as deer, cattle and goats can also be infected. Once a single animal is infected with the disease it can be passed to other animals from nose to nose contact which could occur at feed piles or when animals are mating. On the same note most people that are infected with the disease come from areas of over crowding and poverty where there is very little sanitation. There are only a few ways to know that you are infected with the disease and the main one is to have a chest X-ray. The X-ray will reveal any presence of lung lesions and if these are found you will have to Do to the recent outbreak of tuberculosis you should ask your doctor about checking and if you shoot a deer or have cattle you should have ...

Geology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Geology - Essay Example We were surprised at how effortless it was to arrive at the place. Without mountain ridges to cross, Idaho Springs was a perfect half day tour for us since we wanted to have a taste of actual Colorado mountain society. Made wealthy by gold and still rich with history, Idaho Springs is a significant site for anybody visiting Colorado. We discovered that Arapaho and Ute Indians normally use the hot springs for their curing powers (Burg, Earl, Rich and David 2010). The next visit was to the Lucky rock. We travelled for thirty miles west of Denver. We discovered that the Lucky rock is a narrow, steep and technical mountain, which is fun and challenging (Zschau, Gries, Ameron, Zambrano and Nash 2009). With more convenience and minimal congestion, Lucky rock is an ideal place for educational and leisure trips. The site provides a white fall for advanced, intermediate and beginner abilities. In summary, the Phoenix Gold Mine tour was a fascinating experience. The site is one of the reachable mines in a snowy climate, which is overwhelming when an individual gets a correct tour guide. Therefore, the Phoenix Gold Mine trip is suitable for individuals who intend to learn the history of mining, obtain some hands on experience and have a fun with their families. Zschau, T., C. Gries, Y. Ameron, A. Zambrano, and T.  H. Nash. "Historical and current atmospheric deposition to the epilithic lichen Xanthoparmelia in Maricopa County, Arizona." Environmental Pollution 10.7  (2009):

Dimensions of Technology Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Dimensions of Technology - Research Paper Example Music informatics is a developing field in computer science and although it is hard to predict how it will revolutionize the music industry, the field might change how most people view music production (Bozkurt & Holzapfel 13). Music informatics is related to computer science in the sense that it views music as data. Scholars in this field are advocating for the need to treat music as data in order to realize the full benefits of this discipline to the music industry. Music searching has been revolutionized with development of software that can search for music in libraries within a short time. Additionally, music analysis in this discipline involves computer-aided skills in creating pitch and harmony during music production. Another area in this discipline that requires music to be treated as data is the creation of musical scores. These scores are converted from their handwritten form into music symbols and are stored in digital form (Bozkurt & Holzapfel 14). Music informatics further involves software development, a key area in computer science. Almost every aspect of music informatics requires software. This ranges from music search engines, conversion of musical stores into digital symbols to online distribution and consumption of music. The discipline has attracted many students who are interested in software engineering and who would like to specialize in music software design (Bozkurt & Holzapfel 16). The discipline interlinks with other disciplines in computer science since software engineers who specialize in music software design can further their skills in other areas within the field of computing. Music informatics can also be seen to involve skills in mathematics, a key aspect of computer science. Processing digital signals for audio music requires vast knowledge in mathematics. Audio digital signal processing involves conversion of analogue signals into a series of numbers that represent these signals in digital

Arab and Israel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arab and Israel - Essay Example They way Israel reacts to these challenges will affect how western world perceives it and may determine whether peace in the Middle East will ever be a reachable goal. Tensions in the region have been high for decades but the Arab uprisings in the spring of 2011 have given cause for heightened concerns for Israel. Many countries in the Middle East such Tunisia, Libya and Egypt have dethroned their leaders and replaced them by democratic process. Syria has been in turmoil for over a year with no end to the bloody conflict expected soon. Egypt was an American ally and has honored its 1979 peace treaty with Israel but what the election of Mohamed Morsi, a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, will mean to peace is uncertain. Some fear the uprisings may encourage groups such as Hezbollah to the north, Fatah on the west and Hamas to the south to rise up against what they identify as their oppressor, Israel. The combination of recent and distant history may be putting the Israeli government on edge, so much so it’s possible they are overreacting to the latest events in Gaza. Arabs will tell you Israel has been in the habit of overreacting for a long time and present grim evidence in the form of body counts. It has been said that a two-state (Palestinian/Israeli) solution could have produced an enduring peace but no more. Israel has played the bully on the block for too long and no solution will likely ever be viable. A generation of Arabs, along with Persians in Iran and Muslims of all ethnic backgrounds, has witnessed Israel’s encroachment on lands and suppression of Arabs. They have grown up hating Zionists, not necessarily Jews in Israel. Zionist means to support the Jewish state of Israel. The actions and vitriolic words of the war-hawkish Netanyahu have only furthered the Arab mistrust of Israel. He is opposed to a Palestinian state, continues to expand Israeli borders by authorizing the building of

Major Causes Of Voltage Instability

Major Causes Of Voltage Instability I. INTRODUCTION Power system stability is defined as the characteristics of a power system to remain in a state of Equilibrium at normal operating conditions and to restore an acceptable state of equilibrium after a disturbance. The power systems are heavily stressed due to the increased loading and this leads to voltage stability problem. Voltage Stability can also be called as the load stability. A power system lacks the capability to transfer an infinite amount of electrical power to the load. The main factor causing voltage instability is inability of the power system to meet the demands for reactive power in the heavily stressed systems to keep desired voltages. Voltage instability in the system generally occurs in the form of a progressive decay in voltage magnitude at some of the buses. A possible outcome of voltage instability is loss of load in an area, or tripping of transmission lines and other elements by their protective system leading to cascading outages. FACTS devices have been used, both for steady state power flow control and dynamic stability control. Using controllable components, such as controllable series capacitors and phase shifters, line flows can be changed in such a way that thermal limits are not violated and losses are minimized. These also increases stability margin, help in fulfilling contractual requirement, without violating system operating limits. II.VOLTAGE STABILITYANALYSIS Continuation Power Flow Continuation power flow was introduced to solve this singularity problem. The continuation power flow can be described as a power flow solution that can maintain the stability of the power system under normal and disturbances conditions. Therefore the main purpose of Continuation Power Flow is to find the continuity of power flow solution for a given load change. It employs the predictor-corrector scheme with an addition of load parameter ÃŽÂ » and the technique used is local parameterization. Figure 1 Predictor and Corrector illustration in CPF As shown in Fig.1, it starts from a known solution and uses a tangent predictor to estimate a subsequent solution corresponding to a different value of the load parameter. This estimate is then corrected using the same NR technique employed by a conventional power flow. The local parametization provides a means of identifying each point along the solution path and plays an integral part in avoiding singularity in the Jacobian. First let ÃŽÂ » represent the load parameter such that 0 à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ ÃŽÂ » à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ ÃŽÂ » critical Where ÃŽÂ »=0 corresponds to base load and ÃŽÂ »= ÃŽÂ » critical corresponds to critical load. We incorporate ÃŽÂ » into conventional Newton Raphson load flow equations. Load change in PLi and QLi terms are modified by breaking each term into two components- one corresponds to original load and other represents load change brought about by a change in load parameter ÃŽÂ ». Thus PLi= PLi0 + ÃŽÂ »(kLi SΆbase cos ÃŽÂ ¨i) (1) QLi= QLi0 + ÃŽÂ »(kLi SΆbase sinÃŽÂ ¨i) (2) Where the following definitions are made; PLio, QLio original load at bus i, active and reactive respectively. kLi multiplier to designate the rate of load change at bus i as ÃŽÂ » changes ÃŽÂ ¨i power factor angle of load change at bus i SΆbase- a given quantity of apparent power which is chosen to provide appropriate scaling of ÃŽÂ » In addition, the active power generation is modified as: PGi = PGio (1+ÃŽÂ » kGi ) (3) Where PGio is the active generation at bus i in the base case and kGi is a constant used to specify the rate of generation as ÃŽÂ » varies. Now the Jacobian gets modified with the addition of a new element dÃŽÂ ». The tangent vector is calculated and the predicted solution is determined. With the local parametrization technique corrected solution is obtained. B. Contingency Ranking 1) Static Loading Margin Contingencies such as unexpected line outages often contribute to voltage collapse blackouts. These contingencies generally reduce or even eliminate the voltage stability margin. To maintain security against voltage collapse, it is desirable to estimate the effect of contingencies on the voltage stability margin. Action can then be taken to increase the margin so that likely contingencies do not cause blackout. Contingency can be defined as to a condition which involves removal of line, disconnection of generator or transformer. This creates a condition which disturbs the normal state of the system and may lead to voltage instability. A number of methods have been proposed for static voltage stability based contingency ranking. However there exists a need of efficient method requiring minimum computational time to accurately rank the contingencies based on static voltage stability Figure 2 Static loading margin The system contingencies have been ranked based on post contingency VAR requirement using two methods-Static Loading Margin (SLM) and Reactive Compensation Index (RCI). True ranking of the various contingencies have been obtained considering post-contingency static loading margin. The foremost step is to perform continuation power flow by using PSAT software. The static loading margin is the distance between the base case operating point and the nose point. A contingency having smaller value of the static loading margin can be considered more severe. 2) Reactive Compensation Index Reactive compensation index is used to perform voltage stability based contingency ranking by measuring severity of the outages. It is based on the premise that the distance between the normal case (pre contingency) nose point (max loadability point) and the post-contingency case nose point can be approximated by the total reactive injection required at the load buses to maintain similar voltages. The ranking obtained by reactive compensation index is compared with the true ranking. III. FACTS DEVICES The flexible AC transmission systems controllers have been established as an effective means in improving the system stability including voltage stability, enhancing loadability and also providing voltage control. TCSC Figure 1 shows the simple diagram of TCSC comprised of a series capacitor bank, shunted by a Thyristor Controlled Reactor (TCR), to provide a smoothly variable series capacitive reactance. It is a one-port circuit in series with transmission line; it uses natural commutation; its switching frequency is low; it contains insignificant energy storage and has no DC port. Insertion of a capacitive reactance in series with the lines inherent inductive reactance lowers the total, effective impedance of the line and thus virtually reduces its length. As a result, both angular and voltage stability gets improved. However, the sub synchronous series resonant frequency is produced that introduces negative damping of generator models leading to unstable system. That is the reason for not placing TCSC between lines having generators at both the ends. Figure4 Equivalent circuit of TCSC SSSC Static Synchronous Series Compensator (SSSC) is a voltage sourced converter based series FACTS device that provides capacitive or inductive compensation independent of line current. The SSSC is a synchronous voltage type compensator which is analogous to an ideal electromagnetic generator that produces a set of alternating voltages at the desired fundamental frequency with controllable amplitude and phase angle. The operating principle is based on conventional series capacitive compensation which is used as a means of reducing the line impedance, which in turn increases voltage, current and transmitted power across given physical line. The SSSC offers fast control and it is inherently neutral to sub-synchronous resonance. Figure 5 Equivalent circuit of SSSC IV. SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS For optimal placement of series FACTS devices, linear sensitivity of loading factor (ÃŽÂ ») with respect to line reactance has been computed using MATLAB coding technique. The calculation of the index is done such that transformers and lines connected between generators at both ends are excluded. The line having the most negative value of the Æ ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ »/Æ Xij sensitivity factor for the critical contingency cases has been identified for optimal series FACTS devices placement. Sensitivities are calculated under severe outage conditions at a stressed point near to maximum loadability point i.e. the values of voltage, angle and power factor are taken at the critical point as obtained from Continuation Power Flow results. The optimal location of TCSC placement has been considered in a line producing maximum in each line A criterion for the optimal placement of TCSC, in this work, has been that it should not be placed in aq line connecting two generator buses. V. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS Dynamic voltage stability is analyzed by monitoring the Eigen values of the linearized system as a power system is progressively loaded. When the ÃŽÂ » parameter varies, the equilibrium points of the dynamic system also vary accordingly, and so do the Eigen values of the corresponding state matrix ASYS. The equilibrium points are asymptotically stable if all the Eigen values have negative real parts. The point where a complex conjugate pair of Eigen values reaches the imaginary axis with respect to changes in ÃŽÂ » is known as Hopf Bifurcation point. Power system oscillations are associated with a pair of complex Eigen values of equlibria crossing the imaginary axis of the complex plane, from the left half plane to the right half plane, when the system undergoes sudden changes. If this particular dynamic problem is studied using gradual changes it can be viewed as Hopf bifurcation problem. Thus by predicting these types of bifurcations well in advance, a possible dynamic instability problem may be avoided. Figure 6 Hopf Bifurcation point VI. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS To implement the optimal placement two case studies were taken of IEEE 14 bus system and 39 bus New England system. The software packages used in the system analysis are MATLAB, and PSAT (power system analysis toolbox) A.STATIC ANALYSIS: Continuation power flow for intact system was performed and SLM was found to State of the system Divergence point Weakest Bus Intact 2.88 5 With TCSC 3.10 4 With SSSC 3.20 4 Table 2 Comparison of loadability of the 14 bus system Line outages SLM True Ranking RCI Ranking 1-2 * 1 0.308 1 2-3 0.5593 2 0.2798 2 1-5 0.5596 4 0.1292 3 5-6 0.65508 3 0.1271 4 7-9 0.7066 5 0.0815 5 Table 1 Contingency based ranking for SLM and RCI for 14 bus system Fig7 PSAT simulink model of IEEE14 bus Test system For the placement of series FACTS devices sensitivity index for various cases is calculated and it is inferred that line 1-5 is the optimum location as the index is having most negative value for it. Newton Raphson load flow was performed on the 14 bus system and the values of P load were incremented in steps of 0.2 percentage of loading with NR load flow being performed again on the modified system. The NR diverged at 2.88 times of loading and system suffered voltage collapse. The weakest bus observed to be is the 5m bus followed by 4m bus. With TCSC placement, the NR diverges at 3.1times loading while it does the same for 3.2 when SSSC is incorporated. Thus proving that compensation provided by series FACTS devices enhances the capacity of the system to bear stress in the form of increased load. The improvement in the voltage profile for the 5th bus is better with SSSC as compared to TCSC. B. DYNAMIC ANALYSIS: The test case considered for the dynamic analysis is IEEE 14 bus system. The approach to study the stability is Hopfield Bifurcation as already mentioned. For the analysis of dynamic stability, dynamic model of 14 bus system was made which includes synchronous generators and AVR connected at the PV buses apart from the other static components. After obtaining the Hopf bifurcation of the system for the weakest bus the optimal location of the FACTS devices is determined and they are placed accordingly to provide stability to the system. The power flow is performed for the intact system and the Eigen values are found to be negative with PL = 0.076 p.u. at bus 5. When the PL is increased to 2.419 times of the initial load, two Eigen values cross the imaginary axis leading to Hopf bifurcation and instability. To render stable conditions, TCSC is optimally placed in line 1-5 based on the sensitivity index already calculated and it is found that the load can be increased till 5.58 times of the actual load before reaching the Hopf bifurcation point. The comparison of the stable and unstable system due to increased loading effect is depicted by the Figures 9 and 10. The placement of SSSC is not possible as it produced negative compensation in the system which can be related to the presence 3 synchronous condensers in the IEEE 14 bus system. This is inferred from the fact that SSSC, also acting as a VAR generator at times, adds to the reactive power generated from the other dynamic components present in the system. VII. CONCLUSION: Static voltage instability in the system may occur due to deficit of reactive power. The reactive power requirement of the system may increase under severe contingencies. Therefore, contingency ranking based on Static voltage stability criterion, can be obtained based on the extra reactive support requirement from existing sources. Dynamic voltage instability, on the other hand has been attributed to Hopf bifurcation when one pair of Eigen values of the systems state matrix reaches imaginary axis, following change in the system parameters such as load. FACTS devices prove to be an effective remedy in enhancing system voltage stability. But due to high cost of FACTS controllers their placement should be such as to improve both static and dynamic voltage stability. The comparison between the placement of TCSC and SSSC has been shown for both the static and dynamic analysis. SSSC is found to be best suited for the static stability enhancement whereas the dynamic stability improvement incorporates only TCSC.

Percy Shelley and His Use of Romantic Elements Essay -- Literary Analy

Romanticism, an intellectual and cultural movement during the late 18th to 19th century that followed the Age of Enlightenment, could be described as a rebellion against the social and political norms of the aristocratic society. Merriam-Webster defines Romanticism as â€Å"a literary, artistic, and philosophical movement originating in the 18th century, characterized chiefly by a reaction against neoclassicism and an emphasis on the imagination and emotions (Romanticism)†. Historians oftentimes have reflected upon the conscious rejection of conventional societal manners as a characteristic of young poets (Spielvogel 657). Contrary to the rationalistic approach to thought that was typical of the Age of Enlightenment, Romantic literature focused upon human emotion, freedom of thought, individualism, self-reflection and the adoration of the ordinary. Romantic poetry also served as a way to express one of the foremost â€Å"characteristics of Romanticism: love of natureâ₠¬  (Spielvogel 658.) Intuition, free expression of emotion and thought, a return to the sacramental connection with nature and the belief in the goodness of humankind were all critical elements within much of the literature of this time. Percy Bysshe Shelley, a classic example of a Romantic poet, contributed immensely to the legacy of Romanticism. Critical writer Tel Asiado states, â€Å"[h]is poems over flow with intense emotional and radical ideas† (Asiado). During Shelley’s life, he composed many impressive works of poetry that were characterized by the freedom of thought, human emotion, individualism, reflection on the past, thoughts on humanity and dynamic power of nature. Although Matthew Arnold labeled him an "ineffectual angel," 20th-century critics have taken Shelley s... ...tions of Literature. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat, 1965. Print. Hesse, Hermann, Egon Schwarz, and Ingrid Fry. Siddhartha, Demian, and Other Writings. New York: Continuum, 1992. Print. Mazzeno, Laurence W. "Ode To The West Wind." Masterplots II: Poetry, Revised Edition (2002): 1-2. MagillOnLiterature Plus. Web. 21 Apr. 2012. McLean, John L. "Percy Bysshe Shelley." Magill’S Survey Of World Literature, Revised Edition (2009): 1-7. MagillOnLiterature Plus. Web. 21 Apr. 2012. "Note On Poems Of 1818, By Mrs. Shelley." [Notes...by Mary Shelley]. Web. 17 Apr. 2012. . Raymer, John. "Ode To The West Wind." Masterplots, Fourth Edition (2010): 1-2. MagillOnLiterature Plus. Web. 12 Apr. 2012. Spielvogel, Jackson J. Western Civilization: A Brief History, Volume 2. Seventh ed. Vol. 2. Boston: Cengage Learning, 2010. Print.